Analysis Of John 10 s The Good Shepherd And Christ s...

Jesus’s stories and words bring both comfort and revelation to people around the world. The stories that are contained in the four Gospels are those that share Christ’s doctrine as well as the history of the Savior. However, to say that the Gospel stories and doctrine cannot be applied to the modern reader would be incorrect. One of these Gospels, John, contains a particularly important message for both the historical and modern reader. In John 10, a variety of integral stories and important doctrine is outlined. In John 10, both the story of the Good Shepherd and Christ’s interactions with the Jewish leaders give insight to the historical reference and meaning of the doctrine in a modern setting. John 10 is a very interesting and important block of scripture. It covers the idea of Christ as the Good Shepherd. He states in John 10:11, â€Å"I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep.† This presents one of the main ideas of John 10, which is that Christ is the leader of His sheep, which are His people. He declares that the good shepherd will die for his flock, which is exactly what Christ does. He also defends his statements from the Jewish leaders, as they want to stone him â€Å"for uttering such ‘blasphemy’†, according to Blair G. VanDyke. He uses both old scriptures and logic to defend his position, which brings interesting implications in a modern context. Both of these ideas and their importance can be viewed in differing perspectives from bothShow MoreRelatedRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesworld. Rastas could tell that social unrest in Jamaica was going to lead to a movement away from colonial rule and, having heard Marcus Garvey speak of the importance of Africa to black people in the New World, found in his remarkable success as a leader of thousands in the United States quite an amazing thing. Those who would presage the arrival of Rastafarianism also witnessed and read about the dramatic struggle of Emperor Haile Selassie to remove the Italians from his homeland of Ethiopia, which

The Life and Presidency of Woodrow Wilson Essay - 1160 Words

Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born December 28th, 2014. Wilson was born in Staunton, Virginia to Joseph Ruggles Wilson, and Jessie Janet Woodrow Wilson. Wilson was born into a deeply religious family, his father was a Presbyterian minister. Wilson’s family didn’t stay in one place, because of Pastor Wilson’s duties, their family moved often. When Wilson was only 2 their family moved to Augusta, Georgia. Later on they moved to Columbia, South Carolina. Wilson was born just shy of 5 years before the outbreak of the American Civil War. Their family was fortunate that no family member had to serve in the war, but they did open their house and church up for the Confederate soldiers. Although Wilson’s family was never in the war, he viewed the war†¦show more content†¦His father mainly focused on religion and British history and literature. He also took his son to many industrial and agricultural sites to make sure he saw the conditions of ordinary working men and women. Wilson was described to be a normal boy, other than his troubling eyesight and belief to have had dyslexia. He played like a normal boy, enjoying sports and exploring with his brother and cousins. Woodrow Wilson began his college career at Davidson College in Davidson, North Carolina. He only made it through the first year later enrolling due to digestive disorders. He later attended the College of New Jersey, which is now known as Princeton. While attending the College of New Jersey he founded the Liberal Debating Club, became managing editor of the campus newspaper, the Princetonian, and won several public speaking contests. After graduating from the College of New Jersey he enrolled in the University of Virginia Law School. He later withdrew from the University of Virginia Law School due to ill health during his second year of school. Although he withdrew, he still passed the bar. He practiced law for a year in Atlanta, Georgia, but he believed it to be a weak prac tice, so he began to pursue graduate work at John Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, where he would earn one of the very firstShow MoreRelatedRoosevelt vs. Wilson Essay514 Words   |  3 PagesRoosevelt vs. Wilson Two great men, two great presidents, led our nations to excellency and great success. Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson were hard working, intelligent men who were very familiar, but were also different in many aspects. Through their dedication to our country and their passion of politics they have made our country better. There were many similarities between Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. 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Alexander the Great Free Essays

The film was a second-rate epic. One problem is the fight scenes, the fight scenes may look realistic in the time it was released but for modern audiences it may seem to look like it lacks imagination and the effects were too simple. The lack of imagination and creativity is seen all throughout the film. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander the Great or any similar topic only for you Order Now The director’s work wasn’t actually bad but this kind of film must have been dealt with someone whose form of direction must exhibit more of creativeness and must be imaginative enough to illustrate what kind of life and time the story took place. The main character, Alexander undergoes a remarkable character change, but what is missing is the emotional depth that would emphasize that transformation. Robert Rossen’s version of Alexander the Great displays practical professionalism. The screenplay did not concentrate on Alexander but it is concentrated on the conflict in his family that he went through. The story begins at a time that Greece is divided between Spartans, Athenians, and Macedonians, in 356 B.C. Fredric March played as Philip of Macedonia and he’s role is that he led his troops in a war to defeat Greece when his son Alexander is born. The birth of baby Alexander caused Philip’s closest mentors to urge Philip to put to death not only Alexander, but also Alexander’s mom Olympias, played by Danielle Darrieux). The exact motive behind everyone’s extreme dislike for Olympias is not totally obvious, but it seems to be about ethnic conflict. As a result, Philips council sees Alexander merely as an illegitimate child who doesn’t deserve the throne. In the opening half hour a great deal of time was devoted in the movie depicting the relationship between Alexander and Aristotle, his teacher. Well nobody is sure of how historically accurate this interpretation, but Rossen used the character to creatively smother the wide-ranging idea of his film. The events shown in the film seem to mostly disagree with the written claims of Alexander being an extremely ill-tempered, egotistical, and contemptuous ruler. There were some lines of dialogue that shows Alexander wants to spread Greek Culture, but then he is so unsympathetic to some Greeks like Memnon. The script did not build up the character of Alexander that much for the audience to understand his motivations. Another confusing part if the film is the love story of Alexander and Barsine, the wife of Memnon. One can guess that Rossen used the character of Barsine as a vessel to stimulate a third act which seems to be incompatible with the tone of the film. The finale of the film shows Alexander leaving India and back to Greece, but the journey wasn’t of clear purpose. There was no natural development in character and the majority of the supporting cast is forgettable. Some elements of the film, like Alexander’s affair with the daughter of the Persian king, are only implicit. The make up and costume design imply homoeroticism, but did not explicitly showed Alexander’s bisexuality. The most provoking element of the film Alexander the Great is not that it’s an awful picture, because it exhibits skilled acting, production design, cinematography, and scoring throughout, despite the fact that nothing is astonishing. It is nothing of these exhibit extraordinary points and maybe it is because of Robert Rossen himself. He himself was the director, writer, and producer of the film, and he is expected to be passionate of his craft. How to cite Alexander the Great, Papers Alexander the Great Free Essays Alexander the great was born in July 356 B. C. to his father Phillip II. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander the Great or any similar topic only for you Order Now Alexander’s father prepared him for a life a conquests and legacies by allowing young Alexander to take over the battle of Chaeronea. This was a very important battle for Alexander since it showed his leadership skills considering he was only 16 years old. After the battle of Chaeronea, Alexander’s father, Phillip II, was assassinated. Now a new ruler at the age of twenty would emerge to the Macedonia people, he was know as Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great conquered many battles leading to the outstanding legacy of his empire. One of Alexander the Great’s conquests was overtaking the Persian Empire in 334 B. C. E. Controlling an army of 37,000 men, Alexander marched them into Asia Minor. Victory after victory eventually leads him and his army to central Asia. Along the way Alexander makes allies with many people appointing rulers as he goes. The battle of Issus, fought in 333 B. C. E. , was another victory Alexander could add on to his list. His advantage to this battle was a narrow field that allowed his men to overtake the enemy. After the victory at Issus, Alexander moved to Egypt, where he became pharaoh. Alexander’s magnet personality allowed him to control the people around him. Another conquest of Alexander the Great was his battle with the Persians at Gaugamela. At this time Alexander had moved his army into the Mesopotamian Kingdoms. Taking over the Persian treasuries at the Persian capitals awarded Alexander and his army with cosmic amounts of gold and silver. Finally in 330 Alexander became the Great King of the Persians when Darius, the current king of the Persians, was assassinated. This is one example of a conquest that would lead to one of the many legacies Alexander carries on today. Having the satisfaction of being the Great King of the Persians was not enough for Alexander. He knew that he was destined for more. He moved into India by 327 B. C. E. , just in time for the battle at Hydaspes River. This battle proved to be an opening for India to obtain Greek political and cultural influence. This appeared to be one of the many legacies Alexander will pass on throughout his short lifespan. In June 323 B. C. E. Alexander the Great died at the age of 32 from battle wounds, exhaustion, and excessive alcohol intake. Although Alexander the Great’s reign was fairly short lived, his legacies live on to this very day. Incontestably, he was one of the greatest generals of all time and one of the most powerful personalities. Spreading Hellenism throughout the Middle East and into Asia and establishing city-states molded by Greek influence only flourished after his death. Stopping at nothing to accomplish what he wanted proved to be a key factor in what made him so great. Overall, Alexander the Great proved time and time again that he could conquer whatever he set his mind to. Having a strong leader to follow like his father only set Alexander up for success. He defeated army after army by implementing his swift decisions and clever tactics. He left the world completed changed from what is once was. Through the conquests of Alexander the Great, he was able to set up legacies that are still implemented today. How to cite Alexander the Great, Essay examples Alexander the Great Free Essays | Alexander the Great| | | Craig Wilson| 11/12/2012| | Alexander was the son of Philip II of Macedonia. He was born in Pella, Macedonia’s capital city in 356 BC. Alexander was tutored by Aristotle, one of the greatest philosophers and smartest men of the time, from when he was 13 until he was 16. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander the Great or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was also leader of the Companions, which was a group Philip II made to protect him from would be assailants (Alexander the Great Biography) (historyofmacedonia. org). In 340 BC Alexander’s father, Philip II, left for Thrace. While he was away, he left Alexander in charge of the kingdom. While Alexander is in charge, a Thracian tribe of Maedi in north-eastern Macedonia started a rebellion. Alexander took swift action. He assembled an army and led them against the rebels. Alexander was easily able to defeat the rebels and capture their city, which he renamed Alexandropolis. At the age of 18, Alexander was given a commanding rank among the senior generals of Macedonia as they invade Greece (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). The battle of Chaeronea, in 338 BC, was the final battle between Athens and the forces of Macedonia. It is a hard vicious battle that proved to be very taxing on both sides. However, the Macedonian forces pull out a very narrow victory and Athens is finally subdued. In celebration, the Macedonians decide to have a Dionysus festival when they return home in 336 BC. While attending this festival, Philip II is approached by an ex-lover with whom he had a child. He had earlier promised that the child would have a high ranking place in his army, but now he refused to acknowledge that the child even belonged to him. Philip II was so conceded that he assumed the woman was approaching him for another night of pleasure, but instead she killed him by slitting his throat. After his father is slain, Alexander takes over as ruler of the Macedonian Empire in 336 BC (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). Immediately after Philip II’s death, the places he conquered began to revolt. Alexander, being the great leader that he is, easily stomps out the rebellions. Alexander then looks to take over Persia, which is at this point led by Darius III. When they reach Persia and begin to fight, Alexander’s troops tear through the Persians and appear almost invincible against them. As he defeats the Persians, he is recruiting the defeated soldiers instead of killing them. This expands his troops and allows him to keeps the numbers of his armies high so he can stay and fight longer (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). The soldiers he tries to recruit eagerly accept his offer. The soldiers do this because he offers them pay, and he tells them that they are free to leave whenever they please. Alexander only asks that his troops be able to marry Persian women. Alexander does this in hopes that it will unite the Persian people with his (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). In 331 BC, the Battle of Gaugamela, which is the final battle between Darius III and Alexander the Great, takes place. The Persians are horribly defeated at this battle. Their leader, Darius III, is finally slain, and the Persian’s main city, Persepolis, is sacked and burned to the ground. After the battle, Alexander takes Roxanne of Bactria as his wife, which his men highly disapprove of (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). Alexander then moves on to conquer Babylon, and pushes on to the Indus valley. Here Alexander and his troops meet heavy resistance that they have never seen before. War elephants are used against Alexander and his men, and they have no idea how to combat against the huge beasts. So Alexander orders that they retreat and come in a few weeks stronger than before to conquer he Indus valley tribes, but his men disagree. At this point Alexander and his men have been out conquering for about ten years and his men are ready to return home. So his men organize a mutiny against him, which he easily disbands. Alexander realizes his men’s fatigue and does decide to return home to Macedonia (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). On their way home, Alexander decides to throw a party to raise his men’s moral. Even though Alexander’s men advise him against it because they can tell he is sick, he begins to drink heavily. This is a bad idea because he is believed to have had yellow fever at the time. Alexander eventually drinks himself into a coma, but somehow comes out of it and survives two more days with his sickness. He has no heir in line for the throne, so while he is on his death bed his men ask him who will be the next ruler. Alexander just laughs and says, â€Å"Whoever is the Strongest. † Alexander’s death was in the year 322 BC (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). Since he left no heir, Alexander’s kingdom was split into three different parts. Egypt is taken by Alexander’s right hand man, Ptolemy. Ptolemy took samples of every new plant he found and became the world’s first botanist. Ptolemy Egypt, even though it was near ruins, turned out to be the most durable of the three. Seleucid Asia is next. It has the best resources out of the three, but is the least stable of the three and a complete failure. The instability is caused by Seleucid trying to force Greek tradition on the Persians, and the Persians are constantly rebelling. The third and final part is the homeland of Alexander the Great, and the most fought over. It was taken by Antigonus, and even though there was still a great deal of instability here, it was to a lesser extent than that of Seleucid Asia (Alexander the Great Biography) (Culverhouse) (historyofmacedonia. org). Works Cited Alexander the Great Biography. 1996-2012. 30 October 2012 http://www. biography. com/people/alexander-the-great-9180468. Culverhouse, Mr. C. History Teacher Craig Wilson. October 2012. historyofmacedonia. org. Alexander the Great(Alexander of Macedon) Biography. 2001-2003. 30 October 2012 http://www. historyofmacedonia. org/AncientMacedonia/AlexandertheGreat. html. How to cite Alexander the Great, Papers

Impact of Branding in Sales or Organizational Development

Question: Discuss about theImpact of Branding in Sales or Organizational Development. Answer: Introduction Branding is a very important aspect for any organization to achieve a high significance and stability in the market. The organizations which are established as a reputed and well known brand are widely preferred and trusted by the customers. The organization envisioned here for the study of the branding and its impacts o the sales and organizational development is McDonalds Australia. McDonalds is the largest chain of restaurants serving hamburgers serving numerous customers around the world. Started in The United States, this food chain has significantly grown in various countries and now has a well developed image and is known as a highly reputed brand. This is due to the innovative strategy development and adaptation of amazing branding strategies (Antr`as et al , 2013). The marketing campaigns of the company are immensely impactful and have led the company to great success. The study identifies the effectiveness of branding on McDonalds and the problems it faced in Australia. Problem Statement The company is facing a huge decline and dropped sales in Australia and there are several reasons acting on the companys progress. The sales of McDonalds have been falling in Australia since last few years and the company is facing a huge slow down in the sales. It has been witnessed that the company has been changing its products and menus in order to gain more customer focus but the strategy did not work as it was considered that McDonalds was moving from its core offerings (Broda et al, 2006). McDonalds has started losing it stability in Australia and requires improvement in many areas. Marketing and brand awareness are two very important and significant pillars of any well known and reputed organization. Marketing provides identity and value to the products while the brand awareness makes the people aware about the company and its products. If any organization is established as a brand, then it must focus on increasing its brand awareness among various areas along with marketing its products. Though marketing has been a key aspect which McDonalds has used for getting immense awareness, the company is now facing a need of the renewed and strategic marketing and brand awareness. Compared to America, the brand awareness of McDonalds in Australia is very low even after numerous efforts of the company (Bijoor, 2011). Also due to a lot of changes in the menu and offerings, the company lost its originality and people were not ready to pay raised amounts for the new offerings. In this situation, for regaining its significant market position, the company needs to develop a fresh and new brand image by adopting brand awareness and marketing techniques. This would help in gaining its lost market share and decreased revenues. Brand awareness is the extent to which the customers know and identify the brand and associates it with the product the company specializes in. Brand awareness is the primary goal and target set while marketing and advertising. Brand awareness is the companys product image and impression in the customers memories. This can be ignited by incorporating brand recognition and brand performance (Cunningham, 2008). Thus if the company wants to battle the barriers which are hindering the companys progress in Australia, the company requires to recreate its brand image by following brand aw areness and marketing and rigorously focus on these two aspects for getting its reputation and position back in the Australian market. Objectives and Research Questions The research has to be conducted with the participation of the employees and the customers to fulfill the objectives and goals. The research is to be conducted regarding the research objectives and its impacts. After the identification of the problem statement, the objectives are developed to regain the success and significance of the company. Brand awareness and marketing are the two objectives which can be fulfilled under the participation of the customers and the employees of the company. For achieving the aim and goals settled in the study, the following research questions are to be addressed (Defever et al , 2013). To identify various factors of marketing and brand awareness which can contribute in regaining the market share and market position? To identify the effects and impacts of rebranding the product by rigorous marketing. To study the effects of marketing and brand awareness on the development of the brand and increasing the sales of the organization. To identify how can brand awareness and marketing can develop a strong position in the market and can increase the sales and contribute in the development of the organization. To identify the issues which can prevail while promoting brand awareness and marketing strategies in McDonalds Australia. To provide certain recommendations regarding the strategies which can be useful to fight the current branding issues in McDonalds. The research can be conducted to identify the impacts of these research objectives and its impacts. The prime idea and objective is to identify the possibilities proposed by marketing and brand awareness which can develop impactful results on the sales and development of the company. The companies modify their marketing strategies to redevelop or regain its revenues and to promote the organizational growth (Prete et al, 2015). The aim here is to set the objectives for McDonalds, which can help improve its brand image in Australia and provide a sustainable and effective market share in the Australian food industry. The research questions which can be addressed for this project are as follows: What change would the marketing and brand awareness bring in the current situation of the company? Would brand awareness and marketing improve the current sales ratio and revenues of the company? What issues concerning branding and marketing is McDonalds facing? How can marketing and brand awareness solve the issues which the company is facing? What kind of strategies can McDonalds use to improve its marketing and brand awareness? These research questions would be addressed in the research and various methods and strategies would be developed to incorporate brand awareness and marketing in McDonalds and regaining its position and brand image. Justification of the Potential Output of the Project The main aim of the study is to identify the impact of brand awareness and marketing strategies on McDonalds. The objective also identifies how incorporating these two strategies would improve the brand image and sales of the company. The methodologies would apply these strategies to overcome the issues faced by the company and to regain its position and significance (Antr`as, 2015). For any business to sustain in the market for a longer period, it is necessary to keep experimenting with its marketing strategies and increasing and improving its brand awareness. The more people are aware about the brand and its quality services, the more people would prefer the brand. Through effective marketing strategies, the company can reach to numerous people and the potential customers and can provide a glimpse of the services it provides. As the company has been witnessed losing its originality over the products it serves, marketing and brand awareness with new offerings and quality services wo uld help the company regain its position and brand image. Marketing and brand awareness has always helped the companies to gain fame and awareness among the customers in each and every industry (Alfaro et al, 2014). Thus, the adaptation of this methodology would help McDonalds in regaining its brand image and to increase its sales and revenues. Marketing and brand awareness would provide effective results and outcomes. Developing effective marketing strategies which showcases the redevelopment of the brand and the quality services would help the company reach its potential customers. Also through brand awareness the customers would be able to know about the changes in the brand and the offerings they provide (Farrell, 2007). These strategies would help the company stand out from the other companies and would be able to fight the barriers effecting the sales and development of the company. Marketing and brand awareness are likely to have a very positive impact on the current position of the company while providing a strong and stable brand image to the company (Aaker, 2004). Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework that includes the importance of branding shall be discussed with an impact of marketing communications and the effects on branding. With effective marketing communication, there are marketing strategies and marketing plans which need to be modified and applied in Mac Donald Australia. These marketing strategies and marketing plans may help to change the brand value and increase the efficiency of the company (Lovelock,Wirtz and Chatterjee, 2010). While adopting the branding, marketing strategies, the increase in brand value can be considered which affects the sales and the organizational development of the company. The main objective of the company is to achieve the organizational development with an increase in the brand value (Jacquelline and Kline, 2007). Sustainability is again a concern, it occurs when there is tough competition in the market and there are rivals with effective strategies adopted by the company. Methodology There are quantitative and qualitative research methodology that can be adopted by the researchers to make a comprehensive study regarding the importance of branding and its affects on the sales or organizational development. The research methodology as such qualitative research is used with regards to gain understanding that required in the marketing communication which holds the branding strategies that helps to analyze the role and the improvement in marketing strategy used by the company (Ann, Love, and McMillian, 2004). With the number of customers and the brand value created by the company, the qualitative research method allows and analyzes the marketing effect and an impact on the sales volume. There are less number of errors when the researcher tries to collect the information while using primary and secondary data collection. The method requires a certain sample which is selected randomly by the company. The respondents include customers and employees of the company, 50 and 20 respectively. The small sample size is required by the company, rather than large samples which is difficult to manage and analyze appropriately. The primary data is the information that is collected from the respondents with an interview that has been conducted with the research question. This encourages the impact of branding that has been created by the company and its effects on the volume of sales. The secondary data is the information that is already collected by the author or researchers in a previous research and are examined accordingly with the help of journals and articles (Hamilton and Webster, 2009). There are in depth interviews that are used in the primary data collection method which comprise of the interviews and the open ended questions which reveal the real reason and the current demand of the product while keeping in mind the impact of branding. For conducting an interview, there are questions that are developed which includes both open ended questions and close ended questions. The respondents are asked these questions at interview takes place with a proper feedback in response to the quick data gathering by the researcher. The study impacts positively because it is not time consuming and the data gathered is valid and clear due to the corresponding questions that are asked face to face to consumers and employees (Nations, 2011). The impact of branding for Mac Donald in Australia is a major question and the effects of sales while branding plays a significant role in improving the revenues and the information that is extracted from different sources. There is an action plan that is been created effectively and this is undertaken in the study. There are some activities that will help to improve the efficiency of the report, as such the topic selection, drafting of the proposal and the methods to be selected, data collection and proof reading are must while making an action plan (Riley, 2006). Population sampling and size There are 70 respondents for the research participation and these are targeted to encompass the survey that is conducted with the interview. With the current practices of branding and its effects, 50 customers and 20 employees are interviewed as a finding and result of the research report (Hatch and Schultz, 2003). Organization of the Study, Project Budget and Schedule The organization study includes the five chapters such as Introduction of the report, Literatrue Review, methodolgy, Data Analysis and Conclusion and findings (Nigam, 2009). In the introduction part, the research topic is specified with the research question that is very importantly considered in the research aims and objectives. It mainly addresses the question and the introduces the report with some brief ideas that are covered. Literature review consists of the literature regarding the topic with the secondary data gathered by the authors and the peer reviewed articles. The Research methodology chapter consists of the methods that can be applied in the research such as quantitative and qualitative research that brings an impact of branding when it affects the sales of the company (Jekanowski, Binkley and Eales, 2001). Mac Donald Australia has a positive impact of the marketing mix and the branding strategy that is implemented with the benefits achieved. Data analysis is the discussion of the primary and secondary data that has been collected by the company with the respondents who have been interviewed in the study. The chapter concludes with the impact of branding on sales and organizational development, whereas the recommendations for branding strategies used in the marketing communication are suggested as one of the strategies by Mac Donald Australia. Gantt Chart The time period of 10 weeks is required for the research, whereas there is a periodic breakdown with the work structure which is given in detail Action Plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Topic selection --- Research aims and objectives --- Research methodology --- Secondary research with information --- Preparing the questionnaire --- --- --- Findings and conclusions --- --- --- Proof reading and final submission --- Project Budget The Project Budget is around 2000 dollars because there is a deep study that is needed to implement the branding strategies and the marketing strategies to enhance the sales volume of Mac Donald Australia. The Gantt Chart represents the indicated approach that has a study proposal and focuses on the crucial area of branding. The study findings relate to the future that has enabled and determined the companies that need an increase in the brand value effectively. Mac Donald has made efforts to create an awareness of their products and keenly determine the branding strategies that helps the customers and employees to use the products in the competitive market (Guo, Shang 2011). There are social responsibilities that can be fulfilled and these may help to attract the customers as such social responsibility towards the stakeholders is an important tool to branding and in return there are benefits that comprise of the branding process which directly affects the sales of the company. References Aaker, D.A. (2004), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Leveraging the Corporate Brandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ , California Management Review, 46 (3), pp. 6-18 Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen (2014), The Global Agglomeration of Multinational Firms, Journal of International Economics 94(2): 263-276. Antr`as, Pol (2015), Global Production: Firms, Contracts and Trade Structure, Princeton University Press, forthcoming. Antr`as, Pol, and Davin Chor (2013), Organizing the Global Value Chain, Econometrica 81(6): 2127-2204 Broda, Christian, and David Weinstein (2006), Globalization and the Gains from Variety, Quarterly Journal of Economics 121(2): 541-585. Bijoor, H. (2011), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢A Time to Rebuildà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ, Business India, February 20,2011 pp. 48. Cunningham, S. R. (2008). Financing creative industries in developing countries. Creative industries and developing countries: Voice, Choice and Economic growth, Routlegde Londonand New York, pp.65-110. Defever, Fabrice, and Farid Toubal (2013), Productivity, Relationship-Specific Inputs and the Sourcing Modes of Multinationals, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 94: 345-357. Del Prete, Davide, and Armando Rungi (2015), Organizing the Global Value Chain: A Firm Level Test, mimeo Farrell, R. R. (2007). The Future of Globalization. Retrieved September 26, 2011, from Website of The Real Truth, Magazine: https://www.realtruth.org/articles/070223-001-globalization.html Geoff Riley, E. C. (2006). A2 Macroeconomics / International Economy. Retrieved September 27, 2011, from Tutor 2 u: https://tutor2u.net/economics/revision-notes/a2-macro-globalisation-effects.html Harrison, Ann E., Inessa Love, and Margaret S. McMillian (2004), Global Capital Flows and Financing Constraints, Journal of Development Economics 75(1): 269-301 Hamilton, L., and Webster, P. (2009). The International Business Enviroment. New York: Oxford Univeristy Press. Hatch, M.J. and Schultz (2003), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Bringing the Corporation into Corporate Branding à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ , European Journal of Marketing, 2003, 37 (7/8), pp.1041-1064. Jacquelline, B. and Kline,S (2007) ,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢From McLibel to McLettuce: Childhood, Spin and Re-brandingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ ,2007 , Society and Business Review, 2(1) Lovelock,Wirtz and Chatterjee (2010),à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Services Marketing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ , in Plastics ,Sixth Edition ,India , Pearson , 2010 , pp. 66-98 , pp. 340-372 Nations, U. (2011). Global Investment Trends. New York: UNCTAD. Nigam, M. (2009), August. Impact of Globalization. Retrieved September 26, 2011, from Article Base Web Site: https://monikanigam.articlesbase.com/science-articles/impact-of-globalization-1095770.html Jekanowski, J.K. Binkley and J. Eales, (2001). Convenience, acceptability, and the demand for fast food." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 26(1), 58-74 Xiaoling (Martine) Guo, Xiaoyan Shang (2011), Consumer perceptions of brand functions: an empirical study in China (2011), Journal of Consumer Marketing ISSN: 0736-3761 Online from: 1984

Breathing Underwater free essay sample

Breathing Underwater Essay BY Jfh034 Everyone has control over his own actions. In Breathing Underwater by Alex Flinn, the main character, Nick, made several terrible mistakes that profoundly changed his life. He treated his girlfriend poorly, and eventually hit her. Nick is responsible for his own actions and should most definitely be held accountable for what he did, even though others in his life may have been bad influences, because in the end it was he who decided to hit Caitlin. The first reason Nick should be the only one blamed for his actions is simply ecause he is the only one who can control what his body does. Hitting Caitlin, then, was no ones fault but his own. He is sixteen years old and knew it was wrong because he eventually apologized, so there is no excuse for his assaulting of someone. Perhaps if it was an accident, his actions could be somewhat Justified but he even gives a reason for hitting her by saying that she betrayed him and had worn [him] out. We will write a custom essay sample on Breathing Underwater or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The fact that he even tries to Justify what he did shows that he was well aware that he was hitting her, and should therefore be liable for the damage he id. A second reason that Nick should be held responsible for his actions and their consequences is because people told him what he had been doing was wrong. Throughout Nick and Caitlins relationship, he had always been controlling, and at one point, his best friend Tom confronted him about his actions. Tom told him he had been acting weird and should be nicer to [Caitlin]. This should have sent up a red flag in Nicks brain telling him to change his ways, but instead he ignored the advice and his treatment of her eventually led to him beating her up. Therefore Nick s even more responsible for what he did because he had a chance to change his ways when Tom let him know that what he was doing is wrong, but he failed to heed is warning. Now it may be possible to argue that Nicks abusive behavior is a direct result of his father physically beating him throughout his life, but that certainly does not validate Nicks actions. If anything, Nick should have learned from how his relationship with his father hurt him, and known that it was wrong. Also, Nick was not alone throughout this struggle and could have confided in his best friend Tom for dvice regarding the situation. Then perhaps he would have handled matters better. In fact, Nick even ponders whether things would have turned out different if he had confided in Tom. Nick eventually repents his actions and apologizes. Nevertheless he was the sole person to blame for his causing harm Caitlin. However, his experience turns out to repair his life in the long run after he goes to counseling and stands up to his father. Even though what Nick did was wrong, perhaps he needed to do something wrong in his life to realize how far from perfect it was and that he needed to change his ways.

The Picture of Dorian Gray Book Review

'The Picture of Dorian Gray' Book Review Oscar Wildes  only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) is a classic instance of the aestheticism of the late 19th centurys  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹English literature. The maxim of aestheticism art for arts sake is reflected in the opening of the novel, which specifies arts aim to reveal the art and conceal the artist. For greater emphasis, Wilde defines the artist as free of ethical sympathies and morbidity. Even books are seen as only well written or badly written and not as moral or amoral. Following this prelude on art and beauty, Wilde weaves a  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹plot that explores the issue to its core. The plot of The Picture of Dorian Gray, if seen apart from the wit and epigrams of Lord Henry is serious and, at times, even somber. Dorian Gray is a young and handsome man whose well-off friend Lord Henry takes him to an art-loving painter, Basil Hallward. The painter makes a picture of Dorian Gray, a fascinating piece that makes Dorian wish to stop aging. His wish is fulfilled and the picture starts aging instead of young Dorian. The consequence is a disaster. Oscar Wilde has created an amusing tale that does not end very happily but ends beautifully with our easy-going Lord Henry still chirping. Style and Setting Anyone who has read dramatic fiction (Oscar Wilde in particular) will not find it hard to see the style of the storys narrative as closer to drama than a novel. Wilde is not obsessed with describing settings in detail as a novelist with a constructive bent would be. But the brevity of description is masterfully covered in the warm and witty conversations that fill most of the novel. The epigrams of Lord Henry shoot arrows of gentle satire on different elements of society. Women, America, faithfulness, stupidity, marriage, romance, humanity, and weather are just some of the numerous targets of Wildes criticism, which the readers receive from the sharp but sweet tongue of Lord Henry. The twittering lord is thus made an indelible  character for his ease of expression and his envied indifference. Yet, the author does not rely solely on spoken words to impart his impression. He describes some scenes in words that evoke a vivid image in the readers mind. Perhaps the best of these is Dorian Grays brief journey through the dark and filthy streets that stand in an obtrusive contrast to his luxurious entourage but which also bear a remarkable resemblance to the kind of life he has embraced. Characters in The Picture of Dorian Gray Like his stories and plays, Oscar Wilde does not employ many characters to run the story of his novel. Nearly the entire plot is nucleated around Dorian, Lord Henry, and the artist Basil. Minor characters like the Duchess of Harley serve the purpose of initiating or furthering topics that would ultimately be the butt of Lord Henrys repartees. The character description and motivation are again left mainly to the perceptual capacity of the readers. Wilde is always testing the aesthetics of his readers and the easier you go with his characters disposition, the greater insight you gain. Self-Love and the Vulnerability of Beauty The Picture of Dorian Gray addresses more than one theme. The primary appeal of the subject of beauty, as it appears to eyes, is the main focus of the novel. Wilde reveals the tenderness of self-love, or narcissism, which sometimes fails to find an object outside itself. Dorians beauty, unlike Basils art and Lord Henrys social status, is more vulnerable to decay with time. But it is not this weakness of beauty to age that brings the disaster upon our protagonist. It is the consciousness of the owner of beauty to his own wealth that triggers the boundless fear of perishingfear that causes his doom. Unlike Lord Henrys ease about his rank, Dorians angst about the ephemeral nature of his beauty is shown as the true enemy of a persons self. The philosophical boundaries of Oscar Wildes The Picture of Dorian Gray are too deep to track to their ends. The novel addresses the issue of self-concept as portrayed in art. Further, it connects a persons emotional response to his/her own image. While Dorian remains young and beautiful, the mere sight of an aging picture of him is unbearably painful. It would be too presumptuous to conclude that The Picture of Dorian Gray is a work of beauty with no moralistic purpose. Wilde was not a moralist (as many of us already know) and within the book, there is not much to emphasize a moral code or right conduct. But the novel, in its covert meaning, is not without a moral lesson. We can easily see that beauty is ephemeral and any attempt to deny this fact is amoral. It brings ruin as shows the case of Dorian Gray.

Summary of readings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summary of readings - Essay Example At this time the government also started taking other initiatives regarding the social rights of the people. The government started allocating a certain amount of budget for social security, which was yet another significant contribution to the social rights of the people. Currently Japan is facing a serious problem of population decline. The population growth rate of Japan has been declining for three years in a row. As announced by the Japanese government the population decline in 2012 was 212,000, which has not been recorded before in Japanese history. The number of children born in Japan has fallen drastically. According to projections made by the Japanese government, if the current decline in population continues then the Japanese population in 2030 will decline from 127.5 million to 116.6 million. The number of aged people in Japanese population surpassed over 30 million in 2012, which was yet another record. The number of increased elderly population means that the government has to increase the health expenditure in order to help the aged with their health issues. The government also has to pay certain amount of money to the aged which will further burden the national exchequer. The trend of taking interest in human rights began in 20th century, when a drastic increase in the social welfare activities of the state was seen. Major amount of the Japanese annual budget was allocated to health insurance for its people. It was at this time that labor union started emerging whose mere concerns was to rise the demands of the workers and speak for any kind of violation in labor rights. The Japanese employers also started introducing medical insurances that were given to the prominent employees of the company. All these events were contributions to the rights of the employees and to humanity as whole. The Japanese government while designing the human rights policies follows the Universal Declaration of Human rights. The policies implemented by the Japanese gover nment and employers are somewhat a successful contribution to the human rights, however there are certain drawbacks associated with it. The Japanese government has failed to make people understand the true meaning of human rights. However it is the major focus of the government to protect the social rights of their citizens and for this purpose the policies of the government are being updated, based on the changing demand of the population. The current alarming issue for the Japanese government is the decline in birth rate. There are several reasons behind this decline in birth rate. One of the reasons is low pay rates in Japan because of which the married couple usually works more. They are also aware about their increasing needs and that they have to work more if they want to afford more than the basic necessities. Therefore Japanese couples do not desire for more children. This is one of the main reasons of low birth rate in Japan. The other reason is that because of high literac y rate in Japan the Japanese women easily find well paid job which makes them less dependent on men for their needs. This further oppresses their need for a husband. The increasing number of old age population also highlights the issue of decreased labor force in Japan. The number of people in the Japanese labor force is predicted to decrease in the coming years. This can be a drawback for the Japanese

Literature. Black American Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Literature. Black American - Essay Example In "I, Too" he makes it clear that the black man will sell or surrender his birthright to no one, for "I, too, sing America. . . .I, too, am America." The poem thus asserts the right of the black man to be heard, as it does the right of the black man to be given the respect due to a race that has known "ancient, dusky rivers", for, the soul of the black man is no shallow sieve but "has grown deep like the rivers." "Ballad of the Landlord" reminds the reader of Wole Soyinka's "Telephone Conversation", but Hughes' 'ballad' is somewhat darker in tone and manner than Soyinka's poem. In a rhythm that echoes black American speech rhythm as well as ballad meter, he sings: Although we do not hear the landlord's voice, we gather that the landlord reminds the tenant that he owes him ten bucks; and the tenant forcefully refuses to pay the amount "till you fix this house up new." We are given to understand that the landlord then threatens the tenant with eviction orders, telling him that he would turn off the heating and throw his furniture in the street. When the tenant then shakes his fist in the landlord's face, all hell breaks loose, and we are treated to the landlord's shrieks: Cle Police! Police! Come and get this man! He's trying to ruin the government And overturn the land! Clearly, things have got out of hand and we hear the "Copper's whistle", the "patrol bell" and the terse report, "Arrest. /Precinct Station./ Iron cell." The next day's newspapers complete the picture: "MAN THREATENS LANDLORD/ TENANT HELD NO BAIL/ JUDGE GIVES 90 DAYS IN COUNTY JAIL." The 'ballad' ends with absolutely no need to underscore the injustice of what was surely a routine affair not that long ago. This kind of discrimination was equally routinely doled out to others on the fringes of society, like gays and lesbians, and Hughes highlights their plight in "Cafe: 3 A.M." The poem is short enough to quote in full: Detectives from the vice squad with weary sadistic eyes spotting fairies. Degenerates, some folks say. But God, Nature, or somebody made them that way. Police lady or Lesbian over there Where The vice squad may appear weary, all right, but their defining streak is the combination of sadism and voyeurism in their makeup, which makes them prick their ears at the

Carl Sauer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Carl Sauer - Essay Example French regional geography is an example of how the various political, cultural, military, historical and economic upheavals of the country are etched on the landscape. Sauer says (Northern Mists) the hundred years war lost ports and ravaged country sides and Napoleon’s wars left bitter memories. Culture and landscape altered after the French revolution. Through colonies, use of tobacco spread and immigration continued unabated. â€Å"Place is crucial to human geographers, therefore, because it is the individuals’ learning context, the arena in which they learn to be humans and then act as such,† Rawling (1996, p.65). Agriculture did not originate in Europe and did not improve much. â€Å"Fields were plowed and planted principally in order to raise grain, which supplied the starch and a good deal of the protein in the diet of the people† Sauer (1981, p. 31). Most grown foods came from colonies. â€Å"Dairying is the foundation of north European husbandry †¦ Fresh and sour milk, curds, butter and cheese provided, together with grain a cheap and sufficiently balanced basic diet,† (ibid, p. 36). There existed a good balance between climate, man, livestock and vegetation. Drwin’s determinism was an immense contribution to cultural geography. Environmental determinism, or Climatic Determinism, indicates physical environment determines culture.

Impact Of Climate Change On Bangladesh Environmental Sciences Essay

Impact Of Climate Change On Bangladesh Environmental Sciences Essay The world is undergoing a broad set of global changes, like changes in population density, climate, resource use, land use, biodiversity, and urbanization and globalization processes. Climate change is one of the drivers of global change, which has over the years been received strong focus by scientists, policy-makers and leaders of the world (Vitousek, 1994). At present climate change is considered as emerging global threat that not only induces physical environmental impacts but also affects the social structures, economic factors and the overall development process (Birkmann, 2010). This emerging threat has introduced a new social community named Climate Refugee especially for the affected developing nations. The UN currently states that more refugees are displaced by environmental catastrophes than wars, and the number of the climate refugee is more than 25 million which is likely to become 50 million in coming decades (Meyers, 2002). Out of those 25 million people about 10 milli on are from Africa who are directly affected by the climate change via droughts. The second largest group is from coastal areas of Asian countries, who are affected by natural disasters like cyclones, storm surges, floods, salinity and droughts (Anon, 2010). The cumulative effects of climate change exacerbate food and water insecurity, loss of biodiversity and ecosystem, environmental degradation and human insecurity through social conflict, political conflict and violence in the affected developing countries (Adger and Kelly, 1999). Hence, the socioeconomic structures are undermined in these countries where the affected people are compelled to switch over occupations for livelihood. These are the people who can no longer ensure a secured livelihood in their origin of dwelling (Mayers, 2002). Together with climate change effects, population pressure problem and hardcore poverty have induced a notable change in the whole economic structure of these countries. As a result, these countries are suffered from chronic socio-economic inequality and social instability (Barnett, 2007). Bangladesh often makes top news all over the world. However, unlike most other countries, it is not because of politics but for devastating natural catastrophes causing huge death tolls and massive destruction. This South Asian LDC, since her independence in 1971, has been struggling with a number of socioeconomic and socio-political problems such as- rapid population growth, poverty, illiteracy, gender disparity, slow economic growth, institutional inertia, political instability, violence and so on. But from last two decades she started struggling with a new problem- the adverse effects of climate change in the form of natural disasters (Miliband, 2009). Over the last two decades these disasters have become regular phenomena contributed miserable suffering to millions of inhabitants who are vulnerable to the climatic shocks (GoB, 2005). In other words, climate risk for Bangladesh is relatively higher than most other countries of the world. The Global Climate Risk Index prepared by G ermanwatch shows that Bangladesh is at top of the ranking of most affected countries by climatic extreme events over the last two decades. Table 1.1 shows the overall ranking made by Germanwatch. that the most common disasters are flood and cyclone. Recent IPCC assessment reports (TAR, 2001 and AR4, 2007) also reveal that over the last two decades both of the above-mentioned disaster-events have become more frequent and devastating for Bangladesh. It is learnt from IPCC reports that 5-10% increase in wind speed is very lik On basis of above-mentioned table, it is easy to apprehend why Bangladesh was cited numerous occasions in COP15 held in Copenhagen in 2009. At present this country is more likely to exposed towards climatic extreme events than most of the countries in the world (UNFCCC, 2009). These events, in form of natural disasters range from ravaging cyclones to devastating floods (Muhammad, 2007). Following Table 1.2 provides an overall idea on most devastating disasters occurred in Bangladesh since early twentieth century. This table shows likely during the cyclone-season in Bangladesh that would eventually enhance storm surge and coastal flooding, while 10-20% increases of wind intensity can cause floods both in coast and inlands as the cyclone makes land fall (Agarwala, 2003). It has been assessed that an increase of 2Â ° C temperature and a 0.3 m sea level rise would cause a cyclone in the costal belt of Bangladesh as strong as cyclone of 1991; furthermore, such a cyclone is likely to result in a 1.5 m higher storm surge that may inundate 20% more land than 1991 cyclone (Ali, 1996). The most recent example of costal cyclone as possible effect of climate change is SIDR which battered the coastal belt in Bangladesh on 15th November 2007. The wind speed was about 220 to 240 km/hour and at least 3,113 people were known dead and more than 10,000 were missing; the damage due to this disaster had been around US$ 2.3 million (EMDAT, 2009). The intensity of SIDR was not less than the 1991 cyclone in some part of the coastal areas and the impact was even more than that. Furthermore, on 27th May 2009, another devastating cyclone named AILA hit the South-western part of Bangladesh and West Bengal of India, which exacerbated the suffering for the affected people in Bangladesh; although an early warning system enabled the evacuation of an estimated 2.7 million people to higher ground and cyclone shelter-houses (BBC, 2009). It is predicted that a single meter rise of sea level would inundate more than 18% of the coastal belt and will affect 11% of the total countrys population. Two-third of the whole country is only 10 m above the sea level; therefore, about 13 million of the total population may likely to be homeless and become environmental refugees as the victim of climate changing process (Huq et al, 1999). Khulna and Barisal, the costal divisions of Bangladesh are relatively disaster-prone, where about 3.2 million people are at risk and about one-eighth of the countrys agricultural lands and more than 8,000 communication networks are likely to be affected due to climate change effects (Parvin, 2010). 1.2 Statement of the problem About one third of the territory of Bangladesh is delimited as coastal areas which are combined of distinctive opportunities, diversified threats and vulnerabilities (HarunOrRashid, 2009). It is because coastal areas possess different geo-physical and environmental characteristics that distinguish the coastal zone from rest of the country. These distinctive characteristics are interplay of tidal regime, salinity in soil and water, cyclone and storm surge; with economic and social implications on the population (PDO-ICZMP, 2003). Hence, such identical geo-physical pattern has introduced a completely different livelihood pattern, where people are involved with selected coastal economic activities like fishing, salt production, fry collection from the sea and resource collection from the adjacent mangrove forest (Ahmed, 2003, Islam, 2004). Although the coastal areas are much more fertile land for agricultural production, these areas are relatively income-poor compared to the rest of the country. Average per capita GDP (at current market price) in the coastal zone was US$ 402 in 2008, compared to US$ 621 for the whole country on average (GoB, 2009; CDP, 2009). There are ten different ethnic communities living in the coastal zones and they have complete different cultures and livelihood patterns. Along with the nontribal people, those ethnic communities completely depend on the coastal natural resources for their livelihood (Kamal, 2001). Their despair and dream, plight and struggle, vulnerability and resilience are uniquely revolved round in an intricate ecological and social setting which make their livelihoods distinctive from other parts of the country to a considerable extent. The Government of Bangladesh has already recognized coastal zone as areas of enormous potentials. In contrast, these areas are lagging behind in socio-economic development and vulnerable to different natural disasters and environmental degradation (Sevaraju, 2006). For a LDC like Bangladesh where the climate change takes a shape of natural disaster not only affects the socio-economic condition of coastal communities but also hinders obtaining an optimal GDP growth (ADPC, 2007). Climate change poses a significant threat for Bangladesh, particularly the projected climate change effects include sea level rise, higher temperature, enhanced monsoon precipitation and run-off, potentially reduced dry season precipitation and increase in cyclone intensity in this region (Agrawala, 2003). Those threats would induce serious impediments to the socioeconomic development of Bangladesh including coastal areas. A subjective ranking of key climate change effects for coastal Bangladesh identifies cyc lone and sea level rise as being of the highest priority in terms of severity, certainty and urgency of impact (Parvin, 2009). National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) and other scholars have identified the coastal areas of Bangladesh as one of the most affected areas in the world due to the threats of climate change effects (GoB 2005). In the southwestern part of Bangladesh the physical isolation of coastal communities makes them highly resource-dependent available around the coast and adjacent mangrove forest (the Sundarbans), which reduces their opportunities to access to alternative livelihoods indeed. These hindrances make the coastal communities vulnerable to any disruption, especially to natural catestrophes. As a result, households in coastal communities suffer from imbalance of social and economic powers, lack of participation in decision-making, limited or zero asset ownership, and laws and regulations influencing peoples ability to use assets or access to resources (Pomeroy et al., 2006). 1.3 Justification of the study There are only a few number of studies have been conducted on coastal Bangladesh. These studies are mainly conducted on hazard warning and evacuation system (Paul and Dutt, 2010), health security due to disaster (Ray-Bennet et al., 2010), physical injuries during cyclones (Paul, 2009), and coastal hazards and community-coping method (Parvin, 2009). So, most of these studies focused on the coping and adaptation mechanisms in coastal areas. However, we hardly find any study that addressed the socioeconomic vulnerability in local level of coastal zone, especially in the southwestern part of Bangladesh. Hence, without identifying local-level vulnerability pattern the suggested coping or adaptation mechanism is likely to be least effective in reality. In this study we attempt to fill up the knowledge gap by identifying quantitative local-level vulnerability at first; then we try to look for optimal adaptation options based on empirical relationship between vulnerability and important soci oeconomic parameters. We selected Koyra upazila as our study area, which one of the most disaster-prone areas in southwestern coastal zone of Bangladesh. 1.4 Research questions and objectives of the study Considering all the above-mentioned facts, we proceed with the discovery of logical answers of following research questions; What is the symptom of climate change in the study area? Which major climatic factors constitute for climate change here? Which factors exacerbate such vulnerability? Is there any single factor or multiple factors? What is the nature and magnitude of relationship between this vulnerability and socioeconomic factors in the study area? What are the possible adaptation options in terms of capacity for the vulnerable households in study area? The above-mentioned research questions are addressed by the study objectives. Hence, the main study objectives are; To understand and figure out the manifestation of climate change in the study area, To quantify socioeconomic vulnerability and assess the nature and magnitude of the relationship between vulnerability and major socioeconomic parameters of the study area, and To identify and recommend the optimal adaptation options in terms of capacity of households in the study area while addressing socioeconomic vulnerability. 1.5 Outline of this study This study consists of nine chapters. Let us have a glimpse at the brief contents of all the chapters chronologically. Chapter one is introduction. It provides an overall scenario on Bangladeshs status in relations with climate change effects. We briefly discuss about the problem statement and then we identify the possible knowledge gap of socioeconomic vulnerability in the study area. We conclude this chapter by mentioning a number of research questions, which are addressed by three main objectives of this study. In Chapter two we focus on the theoretical background and theoretical framework for this study. Under theoretical background we mention and briefly discuss relevant literatures in accordance with our study objectives. Then we depict the theoretical framework for this study, which is used for quantifying socioeconomic vulnerability of the study area. We mention about the methodology of this study in Chapter three. In this chapter we focus on types of research that we have adopted in this study. Then in accordance with study objectives we mention associated data type, collection techniques and data sources. We also mention the sampling method and sampling size. The construction of vulnerability index is discussed in this chapter. Finally we conclude by mentioning the impediments those we faced while accomplishing this study. Chapter four deals with the description of study area Koyra. We mention important information about geographical location, administration, topographic, physiographic and socioeconomic condition. We include a Disaster Calendar for our study area that we made by collecting information from households. Chapter five deals with identification of climate change effects and quantification of socioeconomic vulnerability at local level of study area. In this we show possible climate change effects in the study area based on empirical data and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) findings. Later we quantify vulnerability for each union by applying the Vulnerability Index. We show union-wise vulnerability with the help of maps. Once we have quantified vulnerability, we conduct a number of econometric analyses in Chapter six in order to show relationship between vulnerability and important socioeconomic parameters of study area. We mention the major findings from analyses in two different tables. We also put brief explanation of models and variables used in this study. In Chapter seven we discuss the major findings obtained from model analyses in elaborated way. Here we also mention the possible reasons behind the nature and extent of relationship between vulnerability and socioeconomic parameters of study area. At the end of this chapter we check the consistency of vulnerability index by applying an alternative approach. Subsequent regression coefficients of alternative approach are also tested and compared with the old model results. Based on the results of relationship mentioned in chapter six and seven; we recommend the optimal adaptation options for the affected people through brief description in Chapter eight. We also draw few of our recommendations on basis of correlation between different variables. The existing adaptation options in study area are also mentioned in Chapter eight. We conclude this study in Chapter nine. We summarize major findings from this study in a nut shell. Besides, we focus on shortcomings of the approach we used to quantify vulnerability. In fine we mention the issues that we did not address in this study where further research can be conducted.

Politics and Stem Cell Research Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Argu

Politics and Stem Cell Research The President’s Council on Bioethics published â€Å"Monitoring Stem Cell Research† in 2004. This report was written in response to President Bush’s comments regarding research of human stem cells on August 9, 2001. President Bush announced that he was going to make federal funding available for research that involved existing lines of stem cells that came from embryos. He is the first president to provide any type of financial support for the research of human stem cells. A Council was created with people who are educated in the field of stem cells to help monitor the research and to recommend guidelines and consider the ethical consequences that this research could create. This report is an â€Å"update† given by the President’s Council in January of 2004 to make the public aware of the significant developments in the science and medical aspects of stem cell research. It also describes the ethical, legal and political implications that stem cell research may create. However, since the research is still in its beginning stages, this â€Å"update† does not describe a complete or definitive study of stem cells nor does it provide specific guidelines or regulations. This is a report that is suppose to help the President, Congress and general public make better-informed decisions as to the direction that we should go with stem cells. This report does a fairly comprehensive job on educating the public to the definition of stem cells, describing them as â€Å"a diverse group of remarkable multipotent cells that are relatively undifferentiated and unspecialized cells of the body.† Stem cells have the capacity for unlimited self-renewal and the possibility to produce differentiated descendant cell types. The main in... ...rstanding exactly how they function and what their potential may be. The Council neglects to discuss what the boundaries should be in regards to research and whether not it is ethically or morally right to use and destroy embryos for the sake of medical advancement. They also do not clearly state who should pay for the research on stem cells. Since President Bush appoints the Council, there has been criticism that the committee is bias towards his views. In general, the report is ambiguous and does not specifically come to any concrete conclusions, nor does it provide any new information. Sources: The President's Council on Bioethics, Washington, D.C. January 2004. www.bioethics.gov News Briefings. U.S. News Libraray http://www.usnews.com/usnews/briefings/stemcell0701.htm Russo, Eugene. The Scientist: No decision on stem cells. Daily News. January 16, 2004